E-2 Treaty Investor Visas

Posted November 11, 2011

I.N.A. §101(a)(15)(E)

E-2 Treaty Investor visas are available to persons entering the United States “solely to develop and direct the operations of an enterprise in which s/he has invested, or is actively in the process of investing, a substantial amount of capital.”  At least 50% of the ownership of the enterprise must be in the hands of nationals of a country with which the U.S. and the home country have a ratified bilateral investment treaty (see the current list of E-1 and E-2 treaty signatories here).  Employees of the enterprise who are working in management, executive or “essential” positions are also eligible for E-2 visas if the ownership breakdown meets the above test.

Some of the more important requirements for an E-2 visa include the following:

Continue reading »

Tagged with:
 

Under section 214(b) of the INA, “every alien (other than a nonimmigrant described in subparagraph (h)(i) or (L) of section 101(a)(15) shall be presumed to be an immigrant until he establishes to the satisfaction of the consular officer, at the time of application for a nonimmigrant visa, and the immigration officers, at the time of application for admission, that he is entitled to nonimmigrant status under section 101(a)(15).”

How does one prove “bona fide non-immigrant intent”?

Because there are such a high number of applications for short-term business and tourist visas in comparison to the rest of non-immigrant visa categories, the issue of immigrant intent is more closely scrutinized for B visa applicants.  The State Department has specified five general requirements for issuance of a B visa to a foreign national.  These requirements are rarely waived:

  1. The alien is entering the U.S. for a limited duration;
  2. The alien intends to depart the U.S. at the expiration of his or her stay;
  3. While in the U.S., the alien maintains a foreign residence which he or she has no intention of abandoning;
  4. The alien has adequate financial arrangements to travel to, travel within, and depart from the U.S.;
  5. The alien will only engage in limited activities relating to business or pleasure.

For typical employees of established and large or recognizable companies who intend to engage in productive business activities, a letter from the company setting forth a legitimate business reason, setting specific dates during which business will be conducted, and including supporting documentation of the trip arrangements, will usually adequately demonstrate bona fide non-immigrant intent.  Generally, detailed statements from large employers (called ‘affirmations’) are sufficient to show bona fide non-immigrant intent.

Continue reading »

INA § 101(a)(15)(L), 8 CFR § 214.2(l)

An Intracompany Transferee. . .

The employee must have worked abroad for the foreign company for a continuous period of ONE YEAR in the preceding THREE YEARS.

. . . between qualifying companies. . .

The foreign company for which the employee has worked for at least one year abroad must possess shared ownership with the sponsoring U.S. company in a specific manner recognized by U.S. business laws.

. . . during the entire period of stay in the U.S. . .

Both foreign and U.S. companies must be qualifying organizations that are actively engaged in business during the ENTIRE PERIOD of employee assignment to the U.S.

. . .who was employed abroad in a specialized capacity. . .  

The employee to be transferred must have been employed abroad in an EXECUTIVE or MANAGERIAL position (L-1A) or a position requiring SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE (L-1B).

Continue reading »

Tagged with:
 

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) appears to be caught in a partisan battle over the Secure Communities program announced by President Obama in August.  The Judiciary Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives has issued a subpoena to DHS for information regarding illegal immigrants who have been identified but not deported.  Lamar Smith (R-Tex.), Chair of the subcommittee, said the subpoena was necessary to force the Obama Administration to act faster in complying with the original August, 2011 request for the files.  Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is cooperating with the subcommittee, but states the unusual request requires significant analysis.  Smith has said he wants the information so he can determine what crimes were committed by as many as 300,000 undocumented immigrants DHS has chosen not to detain under the Secure Communities program.  Under that program, DHS would prioritize deportations by degree of criminality, ostensibly allowing unauthorized immigrants who are otherwise law-abiding to be given a chance to apply for legal status.  Read the Immigration Subcommittee’s Press Release.